基于“概念悬架”的某微型车的建模与仿真

在ADAMS/Car下,基于"概念悬架"模块搭建了14自由度整车动力学模型,模型的动力学仿真结果与实车试验数据有较好的一致性。利用该模型分析了前悬架中的各项特性对该车不足转向度的贡献;该车的前悬架的C特性对不足转向特性的影响最为突出。最后文章进行了前悬架KC特性改变对整车操纵稳定性影响的分析,介绍了一种由整车性能分解到悬架性能的思路。     

悬架系统集成平台

建立了初步的汽车悬架系统集成CAD模块,在UG环境下进行典型悬架(双横臂悬架、麦弗逊悬架、空间五连杆悬架)主要部件的快速参数化设计。为了对悬架进行CAE、系统运动学与动力学分析,通过悬架系统集成CAD模块和ADAMS/CAR软件平台建立了双横臂独立前悬架系统仿真模型。仿真试验结果证明了该集成系统平台的有效性。     

为月球车低能耗越障的摇臂悬架参数多目标优化

为满足月球车能耗低、重量轻的使用要求,基于月球车的越障工况,以各驱动电机能量消耗为目标函数,对月球车的摇臂悬架参数进行了优化,并建立了摇臂悬架参数模型。分析了月球车越障通过性条件,建立了悬架参数多目标优化的数学模型。采用极大极小值法,将多目标函数统一成单目标函数,利用序列二次规划法(SQP)进行优化分析,得到了悬架参数的优化值。结果表明,越障时电机能量消耗明显降低。     

馈能悬架阻尼特性及其影响因素

运用MATLAB/SIMULINK和CARSIM,建立了馈能悬架模型,研究了馈能悬架的空载电压特性。分析了馈能悬架阻尼系数与充电电容和悬架压缩速度的关系。最终得到馈能悬架阻尼特性曲线。结果证明,馈能悬架的阻尼特性可以满足普通乘用车的需要,而且能够在一定程度上回收振动能量。     

链转移剂对丙烯腈共聚物熔融性的影响

采用水相悬浮沉淀聚合法,以水和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)的混合液为悬浮液、过硫酸钾和亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂、异丙醇为链转移剂,丙烯腈与丙烯酸甲酯在一定温度下发生共聚合反应,研究链转移剂用量对聚合反应和产物性能的影响,结果表明:在反应温度为45℃、单体浓度为30 wt%、单体摩尔比AN/MA为90/10、悬浮液组成水/DMF为90/10(wt/wt)、链转移剂用量占单体的4 wt%时,可以得到可熔融的丙烯腈共聚物.     

零重力模拟气动悬挂系统的建模及恒压控制

为模拟空间结构地面动力学测试时的零重力环境,针对研制的气动悬挂装置(PSD)采用比例流量阀开发了高精度的恒定气压控制系统.在分析了系统原理的基础上,建立压力控制系统的非线性数学模型.模型包含了比例阀的动力学特性、阀口流动的非线性、气缸容腔的压力动态和由实验结果拟合的气体泄漏.针对实现恒压控制的目标,采用输入输出线性化方法得到相对阶为2的等价系统,由于模型具有参数不确定和未建模动态特性,设计了基于观测器和等效控制的模糊滑模变结构控制器(FSMC).实验结果表明,设计的控制器对负载变化、气源压力变化、活塞运动和外部干扰均具有较强的鲁棒性,稳态压力波动小于26 Pa,实现了高精度的恒压控制.     

以离子液体为溶剂制备纤维素微球

将天然纤维素溶于离子液体中,制成纤维素/离子液体溶液,并以纤维素/离子液体溶液为原料采用悬浮聚合法制备了纤维素微球.讨论了纤维素种类和质量分数、纤维素/离子液体溶液与导热油体积比、搅拌速度和制备温度对纤维素微球粒径分布的影响.结果表明,质量分数为2％的棉纤维素/离子液体溶液,以导热油为分散相,V(纤维素/离子液体溶液)...     

Field measurement on wind characteristic and buffeting response of the Runyang Suspension Bridge during typhoon Matsa

Field measurement on wind characteristic and buffeting response of existing bridge is of great value to the development of bridge wind engineering, and the structural health monitoring system (SHMS) employed in many long-span bridges provide a research basis for the field measurement. In order to provide reliable basis for wind resistant evaluation of Runyang Suspension Bridge (RSB), two anemometers and 85 accelerometers were installed in the SHMS of RSB. In August 2005, Typhoon Matsa crossed over Jiangsu, the SHMS timely recorded the typhoon and structural vibration responses. In this paper by using the time-frequency technique and statistical theory, the recorded data were analyzed to obtain the strong wind characteristics, the buffeting response characteristics of the cable and deck, and the variation of buffeting response RMS versus wind speed. Results obtained in this study can be employed to validate the credibility of current buffeting response analysis theory techniques, and provide reference values for wind resistant evaluation of other long-span bridges. Supported by the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (“863” Project) (Grant No. 2006AA04Z416), the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50538020) and the Outstanding Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50725828)     

车辆悬架减震优化设计方法仿真

车辆在不同路况和不同车速等情况下,悬架系统弹性元件受到的冲击大小差异很大,无法形成固定的振动规则,振动剧烈程度与阻尼系数无法关联.传统车辆悬架减振设计方法,采用固定阻尼系数来减少弹性元件的振动,没有考虑不同路况及车速产生的振动剧烈程度不同的问题,减振效果较差.提出一种车辆悬架减震优化有限元设计方法,分析车辆悬架减震器的功能和结构,塑造车辆悬架减震优化模型,采用ANSYS有限元软件中一阶优化方法进行车辆悬架减振优化设计,以悬架减震器阻尼力为优化目标,以减震器阻尼系数为优化设计变量,以静强度和最大减震强度为约束条件,对车辆悬架减震进行有限元优化设计,确保车辆车身振动迅速衰弱,使车身能够很快达到一种稳定状态.实验结果表明,上述方法使车辆减震阻尼力和最大减震强度都优于传统方法,具有较高的稳定性和控制精度.     

Complex formation in a ternary system composed of lauroamphoglycinate, oleic acid, and water

The formation of a complex, composed of lauroamphoglycinate (LG), oleic acid (OA) and water, was investigated, and this system was applied to emulsification. The complex was formed in the water-rich area (more than 90% in this system) at a molar ratio of OA to LG from 1 to 3, where two-phase systems of water and the complex existed. The interaction between LG and OA, both in the aqueous solution and at the interface of liquid paraffin dissolving the OA and LG solution, was studied by pH measurements and interfacial tension measurements, respectively. The results implied that LG and OA were linked stoichiometrically, both in aqueous solution and at the interface, and formed complexes. X-ray diffraction patterns and the strong hydrophobicity showed that the equimolar complex composed of LG, OA, and water was a liquid crystal with a reversed hexagonal structure. The reversed hexagonal liquid crystal was capable of solubilizing a certain amount of liquid paraffin in its alkyl group parts while maintaining its hexagonal structure. These results suggest the possibility to prepare a W/O-type emulsion by using the liquid crystal formed by LG, OA, partial liquid paraffin, and water as the continuous phase. The authors could obtain a stable W/O emulsion without coalescence of the water droplets that contained a substantial amount of water (approximately 90%). Furthermore, various types of emulsions, O/W, W/O, W/O/W, could be prepared by changing the ratio of LG and OA.